.移动 New gTLD Application
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New gTLD Application Submitted to ICANN by: Afilias Limited
String: 移动
Originally Posted: 13 June 2012
Application ID: 1-868-82489
Applicant Information
- Full legal name
Afilias Limited
- Address of the principal place of business
2 La Touche House
IFSC
Dublin 1
IE
- Phone number
+ 35318541100
- Fax number
+ 35317918569
- If applicable, website or URL
Primary Contact
6(a). Name
John Kane
6(b). Title
Vice President, Corporate Services
6(c). Address
6(d). Phone Number
+14255314168
6(e). Fax Number
6(f). Email Address
Secondary Contact
7(a). Name
Alex Howerton
7(b). Title
Account Manager
7(c). Address
7(d). Phone Number
215 706 5700 x309
7(e). Fax Number
7(f). Email Address
Proof of Legal Establishment
8(a). Legal form of the Applicant
Irish Company Limited by Shares
8(b). State the specific national or other jursidiction that defines the type of entity identified in 8(a).
Republic of Ireland
8(c). Attach evidence of the applicant's establishment.
Attachments are not displayed on this form.
9(a). If applying company is publicly traded, provide the exchange and symbol.
9(b). If the applying entity is a subsidiary, provide the parent company.
9(c). If the applying entity is a joint venture, list all joint venture partners.
Applicant Background
11(a). Name(s) and position(s) of all directors
Henry ʺHalʺ Lubsen Board Member
Jonathan Robinson Board Member
Keyon Stubbs Board Member
- Scott Hemphill Board Member
Michael Heller Board Member
Moshe Fogel Board Member
Philipp Grabensee Chairman of the Board
Thomas Morz Board Member
Thomas Wade Board Member
11(b). Name(s) and position(s) of all officers and partners
Cedarampattu ʺRamʺ Mohan Executive Vice President and Chief Technology Officer
Henry ʺHalʺ Lubsen Chief Executive Officer
John L. Kane Vice President Corporate Services
- Scott Hemphill Vice President and General Counsel
Roland LaPlante Senior Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer
Steve Heflin Vice President Sales
Steven Pack Compliance Officer and Assistant Secertary
Thomas Wade Chief Financial Officer
11(c). Name(s) and position(s) of all shareholders holding at least 15% of shares
11(d). For an applying entity that does not have directors, officers, partners, or shareholders: Name(s) and position(s) of all individuals having legal or executive responsibility
Applied-for gTLD string
- Provide the applied-for gTLD string. If an IDN, provide the U-label.
移动
14(a). If an IDN, provide the A-label (beginning with "xn--").
xn--6frz82g
14(b). If an IDN, provide the meaning or restatement of the string in English, that is, a description of the literal meaning of the string in the opinion of the applicant.
Mobile
14(c). If an IDN, provide the language of the label (in English).
Chinese
14(c). If an IDN, provide the language of the label (as referenced by ISO-639-1).
ZH
14(d). If an IDN, provide the script of the label (in English).
Han (Simplified variant)
14(d). If an IDN, provide the script of the label (as referenced by ISO 15924).
Hans
14(e). If an IDN, list all code points contained in the U-label according to Unicode form.
U+79FB U+52A8
15(a). If an IDN, Attach IDN Tables for the proposed registry.
Attachments are not displayed on this form.
15(b). Describe the process used for development of the IDN tables submitted, including consultations and sources used.
The IDN table is developed by the Chinese Domain Name Consortium (CDNC). CDNC is a collaboration among CNNIC, TWNIC, HKNIC and MONIC. As an independent non-profit organization, the CDNC oversees standardizing of all regulations and policies on Chinese IDN registrations, including standardization of the Chinese language tables, variant mapping policies, and registration policies. Afilias is an invited member of CDNC and coordinates closely to design and execute on the latest advances in deployment of Chinese scripts.
Afilias evaluates IDN tables on 4 categories:
- Conformance to IDNA: Afilias was actively involved in efforts to evolve the IDNA standards to ensure they are more responsive to technical and social needs, as reflected in RFCs 5890, 5891, 5892, and 5893. Each Unicode character, including variants, in the IDN table are analyzed against the IDNA protocol to ensure full compliance; examples of incompatibility includes characters that are prohibited in IDNA. Incompatible characters are excluded from the tables.
- Completeness of the Table: Afilias determines whether the IDN table is complete, ensuring that there are no corner cases that may lead to confusion to end-users. In this process, specifically if variants exist, Afilias analyzes each character and its associated variants to ensure that each character produces the same set of variants. If all variant mappings and reverse mappings correlate, the IDN table is considered complete. Any exceptions are raised to CDNC for further evaluation and recommendations.
- Registration and administration policies: In the analysis of supporting Chinese IDNs, Afilias references 2 core RFCs; RFC3743: JET Guidelines for IDN Registration and Administration for Chinese, Japanese, and Korean and RFC4713: Registration and Administration Recommendations for Chinese Domain Names. Afilias also solicited recommendations from John Klensin, who led the development of RFC4713.
Upon completion of the analysis, Afilias determined that there were no outstanding issues regarding the Chinese IDN table.
- Registry policies: Upon successful evaluation of the IDN tables and its registration policies, Afilias considered additional policies to ensure consistency of implementation, as well as to prevent potential abusive behavior to ensure a high quality of service. Policies include:
- Identifying the maximum allowable Unicode characters for a given domain registration. The maximum length may vary for different scripts and is enforced to ensure the A-label does not exceed the maximum label length. Afilias solicits feedback CDNC to ensure the limitation does not impact the registrar, registrant or user experience.
- Identifying the maximum allowable variants permitted per IDN registration. For Chinese IDNs, there are cases which may generate millions of variants. The maximum allowable variants prevent malicious use of IDN registrations that may impact the quality of the registry service.
15(c). List any variant strings to the applied-for gTLD string according to the relevant IDN tables.
U+79FB U+52D5
U+79FB U+50CD
U+8FFB U+52A8
U+8FFB U+52D5
U+8FFB U+50CD
- Describe the applicant's efforts to ensure that there are no known operational or rendering problems concerning the applied-for gTLD string. If such issues are known, describe steps that will be taken to mitigate these issues in software and other applications.
Afilias has reviewed the TLD and tested it in the ICANN IDN wiki and determined that no additional operational, rendering or other general usability issues exist. Also, as no additional issues were found as it relates to IDN Tables, variant management, and string confusability against existing TLD⁄IO3166⁄IDN-ccTLDs, we have established that this TLD will be a trusted and secure extension for Internet addresses.
Yet, given the method used in developing and implementing IDNs, some known operational, usability and rendering problems are to be expected. The three issues include:
- Application-level implementation: End-users expect to see the U-label version of the IDN; however this is not always the case. Due to security problems discovered in early IDN implementations, applications insert protection mechanisms for users typing or clicking on IDN links. As such, sometimes the A-label is displayed in the browser address-bars and some online forms will not accept U-label strings.
From an operational perspective, the IDN will resolve and e.g. the webpage for the domain will be displayed for the user, making the IDNs functional as web-addresses.
It is generally agreed that display of the U-label is the best possible result. To reach that result, Afilias will expand on existing relationships with application developers to ensure least possible impact for the TLD launch. Afilias will continue working with all major browser developers to streamline and assist in user-friendly IDN implementation and support ICANN’s work on Universal TLD Acceptance.
- Email usage issue: Afilias has been a pioneer in implementing support for IDN TLDs in email software. Afilias staff is chair of the Email Address Internationalization (EAI) working group and has been leading standardization efforts since 2006. The protocol for internationalized email is in its last stages of development; recently, core components have been standardized such as RFCs 6530, 6531, 6532, and 6533. As a result, not all email software providers have implemented support for IDN TLDs at this stage. Afilias will continue to conduct registrar training programs and supply information to facilitate in their outreach, marketing, and informational material to registrants.
- Jumping the digit issue: A known rendering issue with IDN TLDs is referred to as the jumping digit. This is a problem that occurs in certain situations where right-to-left directional scripts are used in conjunction with a digit placed in a string before the separator (dot) will at resolution “jump” to the other side of the separator. As a result, the resolving domain name is a completely different domain name than originally intended. No such issue will take place with domains under this TLD as no right-to-left scripts are supported.
- (OPTIONAL) Provide a representation of the label according to the International Phonetic Alphabet (http://www.langsci.ucl.ac.uk/ipa/).
N⁄A
Mission/Purpose
18(a). Describe the mission/purpose of your proposed gTLD.
Mission and purpose
The mission of the .MOBI (CHINESE IDN) TLD is to become one of the most usable, accessible and recognizable namespaces on the Internet for Chinese-speaking populations around the globe, and to establish meaningful and relevant identities for companies and individuals who elect to promote their companies by using this TLD. Further, this TLD intends to become the TLD of choice for those Chinese-speakers throughout the world who opt to use mobile devices as their first choice to access the Internet. The primary purpose is to foster a sense of professionalism, trust and ease of access among customers, businesses and organizations who elect to use the .MOBI (CHINESE IDN) TLD.
We anticipate a variety of reasons that businesses and individuals would want to acquire domains under the .MOBI (CHINESE IDN) TLD.
There are approximately 873 million speakers of Mandarin Chinese in the world, with 178 million more who speak Chinese as a second language. This totals over 1 billion Chinese speakers. (source: Vistawide World Languages and Cultures - http:⁄⁄www.vistawide.com⁄languages⁄top_30_languages.htm).
Businesses may want to create a professional web presence including online stores or shopping experiences, or use blogs, wikis and file sharing sites to support their merchandising, retailing efforts and business goals. Mobile service providers may integrate domains into their service packages, or hardware providers could us these addresses to promote their devices.
Individuals may use .MOBI (CHINESE IDN) domains to create websites to support or announce planned businesses and begin marketing efforts, research and tests.
There are approximately 500,000 million Internet users in China, according to an article in the April 2, 2012 issue of the TechRepublic (http:⁄⁄www.techrepublic.com⁄blog⁄asian-technology⁄number-of-chinas-internet-users-passes-500m⁄122).
In March, China’s Ministry of Industry and Information Technology confirmed that, as of the end of February, there were more than a billion mobile subscribers in the country. We initially anticipate capturing a small percentage of these users, both individuals and businesses, in the first three years who will quickly realize the intrinsic value of the .MOBI (CHINESE IDN) TLD and will wish to be early adopters of this opportunity. We anticipate that registrants who purchase domains will regard the registered name of their business seriously and put significant effort into building the .MOBI (CHINESE IDN) brand as well as their own brand within that space. Therefore, we forecast having approximately 5,000 Domains Under Management (DUMs) by the third year of operation. Our financial responses in questions #45 through #50 go into detail on our funding, cost and revenue projections.
18(b). How do you expect that your proposed gTLD will benefit registrants, Internet users, and others?
Afilias will develop the .MOBI (CHINESE IDN) TLD into the premier TLD for mobile Chinese-speaking users on the Internet.
- General goals
.MOBI (CHINESE IDN) will be an open TLD, generally available to all registrants (except in the Sunrise period). The domains can be used for any purpose, including for business use, for personal use and by organizations. There are no content or use restrictions for this TLD.
Afilias will design and position the .MOBI (CHINESE IDN) TLD to be known as one of the premier mobile resources on the Internet, especially for Chinese speakers. The company will engage in marketing and branding, as well as outreach and marketing support to registrars to establish this idea in the minds of the public. .MOBI (CHINESE IDN) will be designed to be user friendly and easy to use for mobile users, interesting, and professionally relevant. Given the language of the TLD and its intended users and registrants, Afilias plans to provide to registrars marketing and communications material in both English and simplified Chinese. Afilias will also provide a TLD website with associated policy and operational information. The marketing material will focus on the key benefits to Chinese speakers of having complete domain names in their native language, and an open namespace in which to register them.
- How .MOBI (CHINESE IDN) adds to the current space
The .MOBI (CHINESE IDN) TLD will provide an improved opportunity for Chinese-speaking people around the world to expand the creation of Chinese domain names. Having a TLD that features a Chinese application in a mobile device will make available vast new opportunities, including being able to create complete web addresses in their native language.
The .MOBI (CHINESE IDN) TLD not only opens up more options for Chinese companies seeking to establish an Internet identity, but also allows them an option to create an identity more in line with their existing names, easily accessible on mobile devices.
- User experience goals
Afilias intends for the .MOBI (CHINESE IDN) TLD to be a highly recognizable, very popular, and extremely useful Internet TLD. To Chinese speaking-populations, it will be invaluable as a mobile resource. Registrants who elect to participate in this TLD will find an endless stream of innovative and technologically advanced user experiences. As several of the largest web browsers and email clients currently support IDNs, users can easily take advantage of this new TLD.
The .MOBI (CHINESE IDN) TLD will be readily available for users both within China and globally. As noted above, the TLD will make accessing and using the Internet easier for over 400 million Chinese speakers on line today. A distinct user advantage will be the representation of the full domain name in their native language, an option unavailable to them today. For businesses, the ability to directly target their audience in their native language represents a great opportunity for search optimization and expanding markets, which demonstrates another value of this TLD.
- Registry policies
.MOBI (CHINESE IDN) will be an open TLD, generally available to all registrants (except in the Sunrise period).
In general, domains will be offered for periods of one to ten years, but no greater than ten years. Initial registrations made in the Sunrise period may have a minimum number of years required. For example, there may be a policy that all Sunrise names must be registered for an initial term of at least five years.
The roll-out of our TLD is anticipated to feature the following phases:
- Reservation of reserved names and premium names, which will be distributed through special mechanisms (detailed below).
- Sunrise — the required period for trademark owners to secure their domains before availability to the general public. This phase will feature applications for domain strings, verification of trademarks via Trademark Clearinghouse and a trademark verification agent, auctions between qualified parties who wish to secure the same string, and a Trademark Claims Service.
- General Availability period — real-time registrations, made on a first-come first-served basis. Trademark Claims Service will be in use at least for the first 60 days after General Availability applications open.
The registration of domain names in the .MOBI (CHINESE IDN) TLD will follow the standard practices, procedures and policies Afilias, the back-end provider of registry services, currently has in place. This includes the following:
- Domain registration policies (for example, grace periods, transfer policies, etc.) are defined in response #27.
- Abuse prevention tools and policies, for example, measures to promote WHOIS accuracy and efforts to reduce phishing and pharming, are discussed in detail in our response #28.
- Rights protection mechanisms and dispute resolution mechanism policies (for example, UDRP, URS) are detailed in #29.
Other detailed policies for this domain include policies for reserved names.
Reserved names
Registry reserved names
We will reserve the following classes of domain names, which will not be made generally available to registrants via the Sunrise or subsequent periods:
- All of the reserved names required in Specification 5 of the new gTLD Registry Agreement;
- The geographic names required in Specification 5 of the new gTLD Registry Agreement, and may be released to the extent that Registry Operator reaches agreement with the government and country-code manager;
- The registry operator’s own name and variations thereof, and registry operations names (such as registry.tld, and www.tld), for internal use;
- Names related to ICANN and Internet standards bodies (iana.tld, ietf.tld, w3c.tld, etc.), and may be released to the extent that Registry Operator reaches agreement with ICANN.
The list of reserved names will be published publicly before the Sunrise period begins, so that registrars and potential registrants will know which names have been set aside.
Premium names
The registry will also designate a set of premium domain names, set aside for distribution via special mechanisms. The list of premium names will be published publicly before the Sunrise period begins, so that registrars and potential registrants will know that these names are not available. Premium names may be distributed via mechanisms such as requests for proposals, contests, direct sales, and auctions.
For the auctioning of premium names, we intend to contract with an established auction provider that has successfully conducted domain auctions. This will ensure that there is a tested, trustworthy technical platform for the auctions, auditable records, and reliable collection mechanisms. With our chosen auction provider, we will create and post policies and procedures that ensure clear, fair, and ethical auctions. As an example of such a policy, all employees of the registry operator and its contractors will be strictly prohibited from bidding in auctions for domains in the TLD. We expect a comprehensive and robust set of auction rules to cover possible scenarios, such as how domains will be awarded if the winning bidder does not make payment.
- Privacy and confidential information protection
As per the New gTLD Registry Agreement, we will make domain contact data (and other fields) freely and publicly available via a Web-based WHOIS server. This default set of fields includes the mandatory publication of registrant data. Our Registry-Registrar Agreement will require that registrants consent to this publication.
We shall notify each of our registrars regarding the purposes for which data about any identified or identifiable natural person (“Personal Data”) submitted to the Registry Operator by such registrar is collected and used, and the intended recipients (or categories of recipients) of such Personal Data (the data in question is essentially the registrant and contact data required to be published in the WHOIS). We will require each registrar to obtain the consent of each registrant in the TLD for the collection and use of such Personal Data. The policies will be posted publicly on our TLD web site. As the registry operator, we shall not use or authorize the use of Personal Data in any way that is incompatible with the notice provided to registrars.
Our privacy and data use policies are as follows:
- As registry operator, we do not plan on selling bulk WHOIS data. We will not sell contact data in any way. We will not allow, enable, or otherwise support the transmission by e-mail, telephone, or facsimile of mass unsolicited, commercial advertising or solicitations.
- We may use registration data in the aggregate for marketing purposes.
- DNS query data will never be sold in a way that is personally identifiable.
- We may from time to time use the demographic data collected for statistical analysis, provided that this analysis will not disclose individual Personal Data and provided that such use is compatible with the notice provided to registrars regarding the purpose and procedures for such use.
As the registry operator we shall take significant steps to protect Personal Data collected from registrars from loss, misuse, unauthorized disclosure, alteration, or destruction. In our responses to Question 30 (“Security Policy”) and Question 38 (“Escrow”) we detail the security policies and procedures we will use to protect the registry system and the data contained therein from unauthorized access and loss.
Please see our response to Question 26 (“WHOIS”) regarding “searchable WHOIS” and rate-limiting. That section contains details about how we will limit the mining of WHOIS data by spammers and other parties who abuse access to the WHOIS.
In order to acquire and maintain accreditation for our TLD, we will require registrars to adhere to certain information technology policies designed to help protect registrant data. These will include standards for access to the registry system and password management protocols. Our response to Question 30, “Security Policy” provides details of implementation.
We will allow the use of proxy and privacy services, which can protect the personal data of registrants from spammers and other parties that mine zone files and WHOIS data. We are aware that there are parties who may use privacy services to protect their free speech rights, or to avoid religious or political persecution.
18(c). What operating rules will you adopt to eliminate or minimize social costs?
Afilias has adopted the above-mentioned and other policies to ensure fair and equitable access and cost structures to the Internet community, including:
- no new burdens placed on the Internet community to resolve name disputes
- utilization of standard registration practices and policies (as detailed in responses to questions #27, #28, #29)
- protection of trademarks at launch and on-going operations (as detailed in the response to question #29)
- fair and reasonable wholesale prices
- fair and equitable treatment of registrars
As per the ICANN Registry Agreement, we will use only ICANN-accredited registrars, and will provide non-discriminatory access to registry services to those registrars.
Pricing Policies and Commitments
Pricing for domain names at General Availability will be $10 per domain year for the first year. Applicant reserves the right to reduce this pricing for promotional purposes in a manner available to all accredited registrars. Registry Operator reserves the right to work with ICANN to initiate an increase in the wholesale price of domains if required. Registry Operator will provide reasonable notice to the registrars of any approved price increase.